HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

Overview

HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is a glycoprotein hormone naturally produced by the placenta during pregnancy. In research, it is studied for its ability to mimic luteinizing hormone (LH) and stimulate gonadal function, including testosterone production in Leydig cells and ovarian function in females.

Mechanism of Action

HCG binds to the LH/CG receptor (LHCGR) on gonadal cells. In males, this stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone, maintaining testicular function and spermatogenesis. In females, it supports corpus luteum function and progesterone production. The structural similarity to LH allows it to substitute for LH in research protocols.

Research Context

HCG is used in fertility research, testosterone replacement therapy protocols (to maintain testicular function), and reproductive endocrinology. Its high price per mg reflects the complexity of glycoprotein production.

Key Research Areas

Considerations for Researchers

HCG is significantly more expensive than typical peptides due to its large glycoprotein structure. Requires careful storage at 2-8C. Verify biological activity through appropriate bioassays. Different forms (recombinant vs. urinary-derived) may have different activity profiles.